The rice striped stem borer chilo suppressalis walker, the yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker, and the pink stem borer sesamia inferens walker are the most injurious insect pests of rice in the yangtze delta, one of the countrys rice bowls and a region undergoing rapid economic development. This moth causes the highest percentage of damage of the paddy plant. Heres how to identify squash vine borers, plus how to prevent them or stop them from killing your squash plants using organic methods. Stem borer definition of stem borer by merriamwebster. In this experiment, stem borer pressure was not exceptionally heavy and a significant yield response among treatments did not occur table 1. Pdf studies on the ecology of the yellow stem borer. Vijaya grape researchstation,srikondalaxman telanagana state horticulture university, rajendranagar, hyderabad, india. Materials and methods the rice research farm, college of agriculture, central agricultural university, imphal is situated at 24 0 45 n latitude and 93 0 56 e longitude with an elevation of 790 m.
Khan international centre for insect physiology and ecology icipe maize is the most important cereal crop, which serve as staple food for. Dead heart white ears yellow stem borer infested field. Management of mango trunk borer batocera rufomaculata. Evaluation of rice genotypes for resistance to yellow stem. Weather based forewarning of rice yellow stem borer. Determining the effect of stemborers on yields of cereal. Other stem borers on rice include dark headed borer,chilo suppressalis. Rice stem borers are of major economic significance causing 2530% loss to rice crop 2. The eggs are rounded, pale and yellowish green in colour. Blueberry stem borer is a beetle also known as the rhododendron stem borer and the azalea stem borer. Incidence of yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas.
Yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas pyraustidae lepidoptera 2. The damage results in yellowing of leaves followed by drying of terminal shoots and branches eventually leading to the death of whole tree, if not timely managed. Lepidoptera the pest is widely distributed in all asian countries, monophagous and is a major pest on rice in india. Population dynamics and management of yellow stem borer. Pyralidae, a monophagous pest of paddy is considered as most important nuisance of rain fed, low land and flood prone rice ecosystems 4.
Leconte, is a longhorned beetle native to the high plains and southeastern united states. Khan international centre for insect physiology and ecology icipe maize is the most important cereal crop, which serve as staple food for millions in subsaharan africa. Determination of the effect of nursery and post planting application with certain new ecofriendly insecticides on the incidence of rice yellow stem borer. Seasonal fluctuation of yellow stem borer scirpophaga. Xylosandrus germanus was first discovered in canada near point pelee in ontario around 1994. Lepidoptera compensatory mechanism rice plant can tolerate a low is one of the major pests in all rice producing areas of level of dh formation without any final yield loss. Infested shoots loss of vigour and death of young tree or branches.
The frass coming out of the entry poi nt indicates the presence of trunk borer in the tree. A field trial was conducted in karawang, west java in dry season of 2003 to study the effect of planting time on the stem. It would not be unjustified if about one third of the total losses caused by stem borers is attributed to s. Elizabeth tee, program aide, cornell cooperative extension, lake ontario fruit program.
The yield potential of modern rice varieties cannot be fully realized when they succumb to biotic stresses. Introduction increasing the productivity and reducing the yield loss due to pest and disease attack are the vital choices for crop breeders to meet the global rice demand. Sesamia calamistis, the african pink stem borer, is also known as the african pink borer of sugarcane, mauritius pink. So, in all the rice growing areas this insect or moth pest is available. Larvae of the rice stem borer, chilo suppressalis walker, cause extensive crop losses worldwide.
A fully grown caterpillar is cylindrical with its head redbrown in colour and measures 2025 mm in length. The most injurious pests of cereals are the lepidopteran stem borers, with the crambid spotted stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe and noctuid african stem borer busseola fusca, being the most economically important field insect pests in maize cultivation in africa. Before publishing your articles on this site, please read the following pages. Prune the branches containing grubs before they entered the tree trunk. World bibliography of rice stem borers stem borers are ubiquitous pests of rice worldwide figs. Rice, yellow stem borer, germplasm, artificial screening 1. Scirpophaga incertulas, the yellow stem borer or rice yellow stem borer, is a species of moth of the family crambidae. Pest control of rice stem borer in sri lanka lumes. Its wild host plants are mostly annual weeds such as ragweed, ambrosia. Peak activity of yellow stem borer and gall midge was recorded during 40th std. Acknowledgements research work is an output of the project on pest dynamics in relation to climate change target crop.
A pvcresin formulation of sex pheromone was tested for mating disruption of yellow rice stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas, in replicated 1ha plots in india over two seasons. Busseola fusca, chilo partellus, sesamia calamistis. Management of rice yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker using some biorational insecticides sitesh chatterjee1 and palash mondal2 abstract the experiments were carried out to study the performance of some biorational insecticides against yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker in boro rice at rice research station, chinsurah. Yellow stem borer, gallmidge, brown planthopper, green. These results agree with those reported for the effect of stem diameter on infestation of rice cultivars by the stem borer rubiasanchez et al. To ensure sustainable food production, it is essential to combine management.
Pdf the rice striped stem borer chilo suppressalis walker, the yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker, and the pink stem borer sesamia. In india, the yellow stem borer caused 1% to 19% yield loss in early planted rice crops and 38% to 80% in late planted rice 3. Basmati yield loss caused by yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas, white stem borer scirpophaga innotata, pink stem borer sesamia inferens and striped stem borer chilo suppressalis has been estimated at 2025. Stemcells stem enters merger agreement with microbot medical. Pyralidae the yellow stem borer is a specific pest of rice. Stem borer is the second important rice pest after rats in indonesia. Stem borer majrapoka any of the numerous species of lepidopterous insect pests that habitually bores into the stem of the host plant and feed on the inner tissues. The influence of the lepidopteran stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker, the most important pest of deepwater rice oryza sativa in southeast asia, on plant and grain yield was investigated. Soybean stem borers in nebraska university of nebraska.
Rice technology bulletin series pinoy rice knowledge bank. Development of pvcresincontrolled release formulation. Thousands of new, highquality pictures added every day. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, kaushik chakraborty and others published extend of yellow stem borer find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. In the present study, the incidence of yrsb was surveyed in 2011 and. Stem borers are still a great threat in traditional basmati growing areas kalar tract in punjab province.
A stemborer stem borer is any insect larva, or arthropod, that bores into plant stems. Though due to physiological scirpophaga incertulaswalker pyralidae. Pdf integrated management of rice stem borers in the yangtze. Most stem borers belong to the families pyralidae and noctuidae, and the immature insects, the caterpillars, tunneling in the stems and feeding on the soft tissues, cause the injury. The incidence of yellow stem borer infestation was recorded from transplanting to harvesting at weekly interval. Maximum temperature favoured the attack of gall midge where as minimum temperature favoured the attack of yellow stem borer.
Pdf onfarm evaluation of integrated management of rice. All the recommended cultivation practices were followed during the period of investigation except plant protection measures. Incidence of yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas wlk. Insect pests of rice books international rice research institute. Rice stem borer yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas pyralidae.
Clipping of seedling before transplanting for prevention egg laying. It causes dead heart or white head, depending on infestation time and significantly reduces rice yields by 510% and even up to 60% under localized outbreak conditions 1. Bacillus thuringiensis against rice yellow stem borer. It is in the family cerambycidae longhorned borers and has a two to three year life cycle. Bioefficacy of insecticides and biopesticides against. Integrating soil silicon amendment into management programs for.
Yellow rice stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas lepidoptera. Seasonal incidence of rice yellow stem borer scirpophaga. They are also found in central europe, where they were discovered in the 1980s switzerland, 1984. Efficacy of ecofriendly insecticides against yellow stem. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga weed in maizebased cropping systems in africa z. The rice striped stem borer chilo suppressalis walker, the yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker, and the pink stem borer sesamia inferens walker are the most injurious insect. No matter which continent, ecosystem, or type of crop culture, a field of rice is usually infested by more than one stem borer species. The larvae after hatching bore into the stem and feed upon the tissues of the stem. Harvesting done at the base of plant in order to avoid pupae remain in the field. Efficacy of insecticides against the rice stemborer.
Pdf incidence of yellow rice stem borer scirpophaga. On older plants, they bore through the upper nodes and feed toward the base. Abstract a field experiment was conducted at grape research station, rajendranagar for a period of two years 2011 on six year old. Since pesticide application is the major management tactic in china, judicious timing of a minimal dose of insecticides is important in developing an ipm program for that pest. Studies on the ecology of the yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker pyralidae, in deepwater rice in bangladesh. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga. Evaluation of insecticides for stem borer control discussion previous research by the entomology project has shown that stem borers can cause significant yield loss in rice. Find stem borer stock images in hd and millions of other royaltyfree stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the shutterstock collection. However the term most frequently refers among the coleoptera to the larva of certain longhorn beetles such as dorysthenes buqueti and those of the genus oberea, and among the lepidoptera to certain moths of the crambidae, castniidae, gelechiidae, nolidae, and pyralidae families. It overwinters as a larva, usually boring low somewhere in the plant, possibly an adaptation to improve winter survival. Rice is one of the worlds most important food crops, and. It can grow in places having temperature 12 oc and annual rainfall around mm. Pdf integrated management of rice stem borers in the.
Materials and methods a field experiment was conducted at experimental farm, college of agriculture, kolhapur to evaluate new insecticide molecules against rice yellow stem borer in rice variety bhogawati comprising nine treatments and three replication in randomized block design during. Among them yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walker is the most destructive and widely occurring insect pest of rice at all stages of the crop due to its monophagy to rice. Combining ability among twenty insect resistant maize inbred. Cultivated sunflowers have always been a preferred host. Busseola fusca, the african maize stalk borer is also commonly known as the maize stem borer and sorghum stalk stem borer. The insects infest rice crops throughout their growth, from the seedling stage to maturity.
It has a wide host range, including soybeans, sunflowers, and several broadleaf weeds, including cocklebur, ragweed, and wild sunflowers. It is found in aquatic environments where there is continuous flooding. The larva of this moth feeds only the internal tissue that the. The yellow rice stem borer yrsb scirpophaga incertulas walker is one of the most serious pests of rice in southeast asia. Introduction maize stem borer is a common pest in many african countries throughout subsaharan african. The stem borer larvae bore at the base of the plants during the vegetative stage. Clip the seedling tips before transplanting to eliminate egg masses and collect and destroy the egg masses in main field.
Agrobacteriumtransformed rice plants expressing synthetic. Efficacy of some novel insecticides against yellow stem r. Nderitub ainternational maize and wheat improvement center cimmyt,nairobi kenya. Model development for life cycle assessment of rice yellow. There are three main species of stalk borers which attack maize. Yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas walker, lepidoptera. Pests of rice borers and foliage feeders yellow stem borer, leaf folder, gall midge, other defoliators are important and cause significant reduction in yield in rice growing areas. Caterpillars bore central shoot of seedlings and tillers leading to death of central shoot called dead heart.
Onfarm evaluation of integrated management of rice yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas walk. The caterpillar alone are destructive, when full grown, they measure about 20mm and are dirty white or greenish yellow having brown head and pronotum. Yellow stem borer appears to be well adapted to the aquatic environment of deepwater rice and is reported to cause an annual average yield loss of about 1720% in bangladesh and thailand catling et al. Soybean stem borer injury can be found in some south central nebraska soybean fields. Several substances and plant characteristics have been shown to attract or repel stem borers which table 1. Consequences of feeding by yellow stem borer scirpophaga. Integrated management of cereal stem borers and striga weed. Integrated control of yellow rice stem borer scirpophaga incertulas. Stemcells stem enters merger agreement with microbot medical article related articles 1 related sec filings 3 stock quotes 1 comments 0 free breaking news alerts from. Pdf the impact of yellow stemborer, scirpophaga incertulas.
Periodicity in the frequency of calling and quality of pheromone in volatile emissions of the spotted stalk borer, chilo partellus. Squash vine borers are one of the most common and destructive pests, killing countless summer and winter squash plants each year. Chilo partellus is commonly known as the spotted stem borer. Essay writing service of the highest quality, our essay writing service provides custom papers written from, we are a cheap, fast, and reliable essay writing service. The soybean stem borer, dectes texanus texanus, is a longhorned beetle family cerambycidae native to the central u. The yellow stem borer causes significant damage to boro rice cultivars in different crop stage 1. Sesamia calamistis, the african pink stem borer, is also known as the african pink borer of.
The black stem borer originates in eastern asia and are found in japan, vietnam and china. Seasonal incidence of rice yellow stem borer scirpophaga incertulas wlk. Effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana bals. It is one of the major pests in all rice producing areas of the. Adult ashy grey beetle with numerous black tubercles at the base of elytra. Yellow stem borer ysb is the most destructive and widely distributed insectpest of rice. Key signs maize stalk borers are common pests throughout subsaharan africa. The yellow stem borer ysb, scirpophaga incertulas walker and white stem borer wsb, scirpophaga innotata walker are the philippine stem borer species that feed exclusively on rice. Management of rice yellow stem borer, scirpophaga incertulas. Newly emerged larva enters into the stem for feeding on inner tissues at vegetative and reproductive stage of the crop. Black stem borer control in apple nurseries and tall spindle. Economic impact it is very difficult to quantify the economic impact of rice stem borers including s. Stem borers and aphids attacking sugarcane, rice, and sorghum. The dectes stem borer, dectes texanus leconte, has caused significant.
Table i and ii show the relative abundance, composition and distribution of maize stem borers species collected in 2009 and 2010 plating seasons in the two locations. Black stem borer control in apple nurseries and tall spindle plantings. Evaluation of resistance to striped stem borer in rice. Combining ability among twenty insect resistant maize inbred lines resistant to chilo partellus and busseola fusca stem borers h. In relation to conventional and sri methods of planting and its correlation with weather parameters a. Damage to corn caused by common stalk borer is characterized by wilting andor dying of the upper leaves or by ragged irregular holes chewed in the newly unrolled leaves. Gall midge orseolia oryzae cecidomyiidae diptera 3.
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